Babe Ruth :: essays research papers

Career Highlights Began his career as a left-handed pitcher with the Boston departure Sox in 1914, compiling a 78-40 record Converted to a hitter in 1919 because of his great hitting ability During the 1919 season, he set a rising kinsfolk run record (29) and led the league in runs, RBIs, and slugging percentage. That winter commiseration was sold to the New York Yankees He led the league in home runs in 8 of the next 10 years He bested his own home run record by hitting 60 in 1927. advert about The infant "... Ive seen them kids, men, women, worshippers all, hoping to get his name on a torn, dirty piece of paper, or hoping for a grunt of recognition when they said, Hi-ya, Babe. He never let them down not once. He was the greatest crowd pleaser of them all." - Waite Hoyt, teammate of Babe Ruth Career Totals During his illustrious career he Played a entirety of 20 seasons. Led the league in home run 12 times, in runs 8 times, in RBIs 6 times, and in slugging 13 times. En ded with a lifetime batting average of .342 Is the all-time leader in home run percentages (1/8.5 AB), walks (2056), and slugging (.690). Is 2nd all-time in home runs (714), runs, and RBIs Quote from The Babe "The trend a team plays as a whole determines its success. You may have the greatest bunch of individual stars in the world, but if they dont play together, the club wont be worth a dime." - Babe Ruth Did You Know? Babe Ruth is credited with the invention of the modern baseball bat. He was the first player to modulate a bat with a knob on the end of the handle. Louisville Slugger produced the bat which he hit 29 home runs in 1919. Babe Ruth was one of only two people (Reggie Jackson being the other) to ever hit three home runs in a World Series spicy and is the only one to do it twice (1926& 1928). Babe Ruth and Ralph Kiner ranked first and second respectively as the outfielders with the highest average home runs per at-bat. Babe Ruth led the American League in ho me runs 12 times. Babe Ruth holds the record for the longest complete game victory in World Series history. In 1916, as a member of the Boston Red Sox, Ruth went 14 innings to defeat the New York Giants 2-1.

Racism in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest :: One Flew Over Cuckoos Nest

Racism in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest   Sometimes things that seem crazy actually call sense. A good example is the narrator of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, Chief Bromden. He appears to be an insane patient at a mental hospital who hallucinates about irrational mechanical people and a thick fog that permeates the hospital ward where he lives. In reality, Bromdens hallucinations provide valuable insight into the dehumanisation that Bromden and the other ward patients atomic number 18 subjected to. Ken Kesey, in his writing of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest brings out his racism in the novel.   The Aides in Keseys novel, who be also called black boys, negatively portray blacks as inferior to white people in society. The aides had a poor, rough childhood growing up as seen by their lack of education as seen in the quote Why, who you spose signed chief Bromden up for this rabies? Inniuns aint able to write (191). Their aides hatred of the patients stems from their rough childhood. They are also cast as irresponsible and unable to carry out simple jobs. This is evident in the quote Ill take him. Hes always untying his rag week and roaming around. (147), when Turkle, the night-shift aide, lies to the nurse in charge at night by saying that Bromden untied his sheets, when Turkle Irresponsibly untied Bromdens sheets for him.   On the morning of the fishing trip on Nurse Ratcheds ward, one of Ratcheds aides called Bromden illiterate because he was half-Indian. The General statement made by the aid, which was in the quote Why, who you spose signed chief Bromden up for this foolishness? Inniuns aint able to write. (191), describes Keseys racism toward Indians. The quote reflects how Indians in Keseys novel are portrayed as illiterate. Bromden also represents the Indians as imprisoned at the mercy of white people. In Keseys novel Indians, such as Bromdens father were forced to hand over their land to white people. The In dians land was very important to them and being forced to open up up land was essentially giving up their freedom.   The types of jobs that the hospital workers have also indicate Keseys racism in his novel.

Impact of West Nile Virus on Humans Essay -- Biology Medical Biomedica

The Impact of watt Nile Virus on Humans (or Why We Should Worry)West Nile virus can infect gentlemans, but on that point ar more drastic ways that it affects our lives. The virus normally lives in birds and is transmitted among them and other animals by mosquitoes. at that place is no other definite order of transmission, and people do non have to worry about contracting the virus through contact with infected humans or animals. Hundreds of species of birds and many mammals, including some(prenominal) endangered species, are vulnerable to the virus. Many domestic animals are also susceptible, but the virus does not create any symptoms in most of them. There is no way of getting rid of the virus once an animal has been infected, but a vaccine for horses has recently been approved by the USDA. There are also vaccines for preventing infection in humans being worked on by several companies.West Nile virus can infect humans, but infection is not the only way that it affects our da ily lives. Several other animal species can also become infected by the virus, so special care should be taken to protect our wildlife, our livestock, and even our pets.West Nile virus is transmitted from birds to other animals through a vector, one of forty-three species of mosquito. Scientists have also found West Nile virus in ticks in Africa and Asia (Lee, 2003), but there has been no evidence that the ticks can also act as a vector for the virus. People cannot take West Nile virus from any other animals, so becoming ill from the virus should not be the main concern of humans regarding the virus.However, if a human does become infected with West Nile virus, it is unlikely that it will produce any symptoms. Usually, only people over the age of 50 or very unseasoned children are... ...ional Wildlife health Centernetwork site http//www.nwhc.usgs.gov/research/west_nile/wnvaffected.htmlCenter for Disease Control and Prevention. (2004, August). West Nile Virus What You Need to Kno w. Retrieved August 2, 2005, from CDC West Nile VirusWeb site http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/westnile/wnv_factsheet.htmLee, M. C. (2003) West Nile Virus Overview and Abstracts. New York Nova Science Publishers, Inc.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. (2005, April). NIAID Research on West Nile Virus. Retrieved August 2, 2005, from U.S. Department of Health and Human ServicesWeb site http//www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/westnile.htmProtecting Horses from West Nile Virus, Breakthrough Technology. (2005, July 24). Retrieved July 28, 2005, from http//www.medicalnewstoday.com/WNVs Impact on Humans 5medicalnews.php?newsid=27975&nfid=rssfeeds

My Philosophy of Teaching :: Philosophy of Education

Philosophy of Education Having graduated from a public school system, I feel my experiences and opinions atomic number 18 not only first hand, but they are something I should always try to consider when thinking about or dealing with my own students. As every student has, I have had great teachers as well as terrible ones some of those teachers everyone loved or hated, and other received wide-ranging opinions about themselves from their students. The student teacher relationship is something that is unavoidable, as it should be. The reason I am pursuing teaching as my profession is because I understand that children ask someone in their lives to make a difference, and if I could be that someone for only a handful of my own students, I will have succeeded. I view teaching as being more than simply showing a child how to read-as important as that is-teaching is also about showing a child the importance of self. Without self-esteem, self-discipline and self-control, there w ould not be many people who could make it successfully in todays world. And if Im successful in teaching children how to read, as well as something important about themselves, I will have helped some kids survive as adults. I dont care anything about being the teacher that everyone thinks is so cool and loves, nor do I want to be the one that everyone hates. What I do want to be is a teacher that is respected by my students because I have been fair and have given each of them a chance to catch up with and succeed. I want my students to trust me. I want them to know that I am not perfect and realize that none of them are, but I do hope that they realize that I do expect from them what I would expect from my self if I were one of my own students. Knowledge of subject is next on my list of importance. I know how important it is for my self to be knowledgeable about the subject I am teaching but no social occasion how much I know my students will only learn what I teach to them successfully.

Abortion :: essays research papers fc

AbortionWith 2000 being a presidential election year, the gesture of pro-choice or pro-life is once again a prominent issue. I am and permit been a pro-choice advocate since I first of all understood the issue. The upcoming election has made me revisit the main reasons for my position.For me, two main reasons for supporting pro-choice are the medical and social benefits the country has go through since the Supreme Court juralized abortion in 1973. The most important medical benefit has been the end of the back alley butchers who left many another(prenominal) women dead or mutilated. Legal abortion has proven to be safe, while illegal abortion has not. In 1965, 193 women died from illegal abortions, and 17% of all deaths due to pregnancy and childbirth in that year were caused by illegal abortions. (Medical subterfuge 2) Current death rate from abortion is 0.6 per 100,000. This means that abortion is 11 times safer than carrying a pregnancy to term. (Medical screen 2) In other countries where abortion is illegal it is a leading cause of maternal death. (Safety screen 1)Along with the medical benefits, there have also been many social benefits due to the legalization of abortion. Unfit mothers and teenagers no longer are forced to carry out there pregnancies and have to care for an unwanted child. Couples who have a high risk of giving birth to babies with genetic disorders are now more willing to try and conceive because of the availability of safe legal abortions. (Medical screen 2) States with stricter abortion laws spend far more money per child on things such as foster care, welfare, and education then states with more gentle laws. (Medical screen 2-3)Last is my conviction that each individual woman, and no one else, has the right to carry out or abort her pregnancy. Every woman prat do what she wants with her bodies without any government intervention. The Supreme Court based womens right to an abortion on the right of privacy, or the right of peo ple to fudge choices about their personal and reproductive life without interference from the state. (McDonagh 4) Upon revisiting my reasons for supporting the pro-choice movement, I am more convinced than ever that my beliefs are justified.

Abortion :: essays research papers fc

AbortionWith 2000 being a presidential election year, the question of pro-choice or pro- life-time is erstwhile again a prominent issue. I am and have been a pro-choice advocate since I first understood the issue. The upcoming election has do me revisit the main reasons for my position.For me, two main reasons for supporting pro-choice are the medical and social benefits the country has experienced since the ultimate Court legalized abortion in 1973. The most important medical benefit has been the end of the back alley butchers who left many women dead or mutilated. Legal abortion has proven to be safe, while misbranded abortion has not. In 1965, 193 women died from illegal abortions, and 17% of all deaths due to pregnancy and childbirth in that year were caused by illegal abortions. (Medical silver screen 2) Current death rate from abortion is 0.6 per 100,000. This means that abortion is 11 times safer than carrying a pregnancy to term. (Medical screen 2) In other countries wh ere abortion is illegal it is a leading cause of maternal death. (Safety screen 1)Along with the medical benefits, there have also been many social benefits due to the legalization of abortion. modify mothers and teenagers no longer are forced to carry out there pregnancies and have to care for an unwanted child. Couples who have a high risk of gift birth to babies with genetic disorders are now more willing to try and conceive because of the availability of safe legal abortions. (Medical screen 2) States with stricter abortion laws spend furthermost more money per child on things such as foster care, welfare, and education then states with more lenient laws. (Medical screen 2-3)Last is my conviction that to each one individual woman, and no one else, has the right to carry out or abort her pregnancy. Every woman can do what she wants with her bodies without any government intervention. The Supreme Court based womens right to an abortion on the right of privacy, or the right of people to make choices about their personal and reproductive life without interference from the state. (McDonagh 4) Upon revisiting my reasons for supporting the pro-choice movement, I am more convinced than ever that my beliefs are justified.

Lifestyle – Then and Now

Lifestyle is the way a person lives. The human body and mind have adequately adapted to their changing invigorationstyle. legion(predicate) factors have affected the lifestyle of a person technology, health, environment, culture, society, etc. One of the biggest changes that affected man pleasant has been the discovery of fire and the wheel. Many years and discoveries later, it was the invention of electricity. Due to electricity, technology developed. Technology has changed all the fields such as warfare, agriculture, transportation air, sea and land travel, , manufacturing, medicine, communication, information, etc.With the advancement of the human race, many new inventions and discoveries were added to the ever growing list. But a keen-sighted with the advantages, it brought some disadvantages as well. Earlier people had more interaction with each other. There was no TV or computer to distract them. They were able to spend time with each other and they were more relaxed. The TV and the computer have become a kind of addiction for most of the people now and they find it hard to stop using it. Now most of the time both the parents would be working long hours and there is no time for them to be with their family.They are stressed out most of the time and are too tired to bawl out even when they shake some free time. In earlier days not many people had a car. There might be one car in the whole neighbourhood. It was something that only the rich could afford. Most people used the public transport or walked if they wanted to go somewhere. Walking was a part of life and not considered to be a great task. Many people lived as joint families in large houses with many children, aunts, uncles, and other relatives.There was always someone to talk to, someone to share the household chores with, etc. With the advancement of technology, nuclear families have emerged. It has brought with it more independence for the individual but more loneliness as well. all in all in all, lifestyle has changed significantly from the days of the early caveman to the present day technology savvy man. There have been both positive and negative changes that have happened. In the years ahead, many more changes will still take place. The human race will continue to adapt and evolve to nip these changes.

Optimizing School Climate Through Leadership

Optimizing School Climate through Leadership Barry Joel Desaine, B. Sc. Management Studies, M. Sc. Organizational Leadership A schools temper is influenced by its administrators leadership driftby the way they motivate personnel, gather and use information, put forward decisions, manage multifariousness initiatives, and handle crises. It is an essential means for success as a poor environment bottom of the inning account for as much as a third of all deficiencies. Unfortunately, many administrators fail to appreciate how pro raisely the climate of their school can affect the performance of both staff and students.This paper explains what is meant by climate and how ruttish intelligence and its influences on leadership styles can impact on the climate of a school. What is School Climate? School climate has been defined in many ways. One author wrote that school climate refers to the feelings and attitudes that atomic number 18 elicited by a schools environment (Loukas, 2007). Another adds that it is based on patterns of students, parents and school personnels experience of school life and reflects norms, goals, values, interpersonal relationships, teaching and learning practices, and establishmental structures (Center for well-disposed and Emotional Education).Researchers also list a variety of factors that influence school climate such as students and teachers acquaintance of their school environment, or the schools personality (Johnson, Johnson, & Zimmerman, 1996) the frequency and quality of teacher-student interactions (Kuperminc, Leadbeater and Blatt, 2001) feelings of safeness and school size (Freiberg, 1998) or feelings of trust and respect for students and teachers (Manning & Saddlemire, 1996). The late Harvard psychologist, David McClelland, postulated that there are six key factors which influence an organizations working environment flexibility i. e. ow free workers feel they can be innovative workers sense of debt instrument the level of standards set the sense of accuracy about performance feedback and aptness of rewards how clear the mission and values are to the workers and the level of commitment to a popular purpose. Regardless of how school climate is defined, there is common agreement that organizational climate is affected by the administrators style of leadership and that this is based on their emotional intelligence. Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence is the exponent to accurately identify and understand ones own emotional reactions and those of others.It also involves the ability to regulate ones emotions, to use them to make good decisions and to act effectively (Cherniss & Adler, 2000). It involves four fundamental capabilities self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and social skill. Each of these four areas is made up of specific sets of competencies and corresponding traits as follows 1. Self-Awareness i. e. the ability to interpret ones emotions and recognize their impact pos sess a realistic evaluation of ones strengths and limitations and nurture self-confidence. 2.Self-Management i. e. the ability to keep disruptive impulses or emotions in check be honest and demonstrate integrity manage self and responsibilities adjust to changing conditions and overcoming hindrances meet an internal standard of purity and seize opportunities. 3. Social Awareness i. e. the ability to sense anothers emotion, understand their perspective, and take an active interest in their concerns navigate politics, make water decision networks and gain insight into the life of the organization and recognize and meet the needs of others. . Social Skills i. e. the ability to take charge and inspire with a compelling vision influence others strengthen anothers abilities through feedback and centering listen and send clear, convincing, and well-tuned messages initiate new ideas and lead people in a new direction defuse disagreements and orchestrate resolutions cultivate and maintain a web of relationships and promote cooperation and team building. Decades of research has shown that emotional intelligence has a direct impact n a leaders potential to succeed. This is obviously because emotional intelligence determines the styles of leadership one is qualified to master, which subsequently affects ones ability to positively affect the climate of an organization. Leaders with strengths in a critical mass of six or more emotional intelligence competencies are far more effective than peers who lacked such strengths (Goldman, 2000). The hexad Leadership Styles Six basic leadership styles were identified from the research on emotional intelligence.Each of these styles works best in specific situations and affects school climate in diametric ways. The six styles of leadership and the appropriate situation for their use are as follows 1. Coercive Coercive leaders demand immediate compliance using a do what I say approach based on their drive to achieve, use initiati ve, and be in control. This style can be very effective in reorientation situations after a natural disaster or when working with difficult personnel. However, in most situations coercive leadership inhibits creativity and dampens teachers motivation. . definitive Authoritative leaders mobilizes their staff around a vision using a come with me approach based on their self-confidence, empathy, and the desire to be a change catalyst. They state overall goals and give workers the freedom to choose their own means of achieving them. This style is especially suited for organizations that are adrift or needing clear directions or a new vision. It is less effective when working with a team of professionals, especially if they are more experienced or more educated than the leader. 3.Affiliative Affiliative leaders have a people come first attitude that is particularly useful for healing rifts among staff building harmony or increasing team spirit and motivation. The style is based on the leadership competencies in empathy, relationship building and communication. However, excessive praise may allow poor performance to go unbridled if individuals are inadequately skilled. Additionally, some affiliative leaders rarely offer advice and often leave staff in a quandary. 4. Democratic Democratic leaders deal what do you think? to forge consensus and participation based on their competencies in collaboration, team leadership, and communication. By giving individuals a voice in decision-making, these leaders build flexibility and responsibility and help generate new ideas. However, the style does not always positively impact climate as some advocate as at times it can lead to endless meetings and a confused staff that feel leaderless 5. Pacesetting Pacesetting leaders use a do as I do, now approach based on their sense of conscientiousness, drive to achieve, and initiative.By setting high performance standards and exemplifying them, they positively impact those individual s who are self-motivated and highly competent. The style is best suited for situations that require quick results from a highly motivated and competent staff. However, some individuals tend to feel overwhelmed by the immediate demand for excellence and resent the tendency for some administrators to micro-manage or take charge over situations. 6. Coaching Coaching leaders use a try this approach to uphold the personal development of staff based on their sense of empathy and self-awareness.This works well when individuals are already aware of their weaknesses and want to improve performance or develop long-term strengths, but not when they are resistant to changing their ways. Multiple Leadership Styles Research on the impact of leadership style on organizational climate revealed that the authoritative, affiliative, democratic, and coaching styles each have an overall positive impact on climate while the coercive and pacesetting styles were negatively correlated.It was also found tha t the most effective administrators do not rely on only one leadership style but use most of them, seamlessly and in different measures, jibe to the needs of the situation. Subsequently, the more styles a school administrator masters, the better prepared he will be to positively affect the schools climate. Being able to switch among authoritative, affiliative, democratic, and coaching styles as conditions dictate creates the best school climate for optimizing school performance.In summary, school climate is a critically important, but much overlooked, factor that affects the performance of both teachers and students. An organizations climate can be positively or negatively affected through the leadership styles of administrators which depend on their emotional intelligence. In order to optimize the climate of a school, administrators must be able to master and effectively use the various styles of leadership according to the situation that arises. This paper was inspired by Leaders hip that gets results Daniel Goldman, Harvard Business Review, 1st March, 2000.

Labor Law of Singapore Essay

In Singapore, for involvement to be valid there must be a direct that has been agreed upon in the midst of the employers and the employee/s. In principle, employer and employee could enter into contractual obligations without a written contract. According to Sharon Bernhardt, that Singapore is known for its thriving autobusiness economy as well according to the WEF international Competitiveness Report, Singapore is the most competitive economy in Asia, ranking third in the world and following only Switzerland and the United States. It is a popular practice in Singapore for businesses to utilize employment contracts with their employees. There are no specific guidelines for employment contracts in the body of dissemble bit. However, a contract in Singapore typic tout ensembley contains information about duties, compensation, establish hours, benefits and termination. Employment contracts are also typically documented in writing to preserve documentation.I. The Employment a ct upon ride Laws in Singapore is stated through the Employment Act. As stated in the AGC Singapore site, that the Employment Act passs every employee (regardless of nationality) who is under a contract of service with an employer, except a. both(prenominal) person employed in a managerial or executive position b. some(prenominal) seamanc. Any domestic header and d. Any person employed by a Statutory Board or the Government. It is also stated that part IV of the Act, which provides for rest period twenty-four hour periodtimetimes, hours of oeuvre and other conditions of service, applies only to a. Workmen earning non more than than $4,500 basic monthly salaries and b. Employees earning not more than $2,000 basic monthly salaries.A. Managers & Executives under this Employment ActIn Singapore, managers and executives are employees with executive or supervisory functions. These functions include the authority to influence or make decision on issues such as kindlement, di scipline, termination of employment, appraisal of performance and reward, or involvement in the formulation of strategies and policies of the enterprise, or the management and running of the business.They also include professionals with tertiary education and specialised knowledge/skills and whose employment terms are comparable to those of managers and executives. Professionals such as lawyers, accountants, dentists and doctors whose nature and terms of employment are comparable to executives would generally be deemed as such, and hence they would not be covered under the Act. Junior managers and executives earning $4,500 basic monthly pay and below are only covered partially on the basic earnings of salary. All other provisions do not admit to them. B. The WorkforceIn the scope of Labor Laws of Singapore, a hold outman is an employee whose hold involves manual labour. This includes a worker who falls under any of the following categories a. Any person, skilled or unskilled, d oing manual work, including any artisan or apprentice but excluding any seaman or domestic servant b. Any person, other than clerical staff, employed in the operation or maintenance of mechanically propelled vehicles that transport passengers, for select or commercial purposes c. Any person employed to supervise any workman and perform manual work. However, this is subject to the requirement that the time spent on manual work must be more than half of the total working time in a salary period or d. Any person specified in the First Schedule of the Employment Act, namely i.a. Cleanersb. Construction workersc. Labourersd. Machine operators and assemblerse. Metal and machinery workersf. Train,bus, lorry and van driversg. Train and bus inspectorsandh. All workmen employed on piece rates at the employers premises.It covers both local and foreign employees. It does not make any distinction betwixt a temporary employee, contract employee, daily-rated employee or employee on tenured emplo yment. For employees working less than 35 hours a hebdomad, they are covered by the Employment of underemployed Employees Regulations, which provide certain flexibility for both the employers and employees, including the pro-rating of employment benefits, encashment of annual leave and provision of rest day.C. Wages/SalaryAccording to Guide Me Singapore by Janus Corporate Solutions, the only stipulation in the Employment Act is that employees are salaried in a timely manner (employees must be paid at least(prenominal) once a month).Thus, there is no minimum wage for workers in Singapore Many companies do give an annual support of an extra months salary, but this is not a necessary practice. Work hours are regulated for employees who earn less than $2,000 SGD per month. According to the Employment Act, these workers may not be required to work more than eight-spot hours a day or 44 hours per week. They are also entitled to a de-escalate after six hours of work. Employees in m anagement or higher positions may work more hours depending on the terms outlined in their contract.D. Hours of Work, Overtime & moderation DaysAs stated in the part IV of the Employment Act & Section 33 are applicable only to a. Workmen earning not more than $4,500 basic monthly salaries and b. Other employees earning not more than $2,000 basic monthly salaries (excluding, extra time, bonus, Annual Wage Supplement, productivity incentives and registrations). E. Maximum working hoursIn Singapore, an employee is not allowed to work for more than 12 hours within a day except in the following circumstances a. Accident or threat of accidentb. Work that is indispensable toi. the life of the communityii. national defence oriii. securityc. Urgent work to be done to machinery or plant or d. An interruption of work which was impossible to foresee. Thus, an employee screwing be required to work up to 12 hours a day if the employee gives his consent in writing, after the provisions of Sect ions 38 and 40 of the Employment Act have been clearly explained to him. He must be informed of the daily working hours, the number of working geezerhood in distributively week and the weekly rest day. Employers that require their employees to work more than 12 hours (maximum 14 hours) a day are required under section 40 of the Employment Act, to apply for overtime exemption from the Ministry of Manpower. F. Break timeThe duration of the hanging(s) should be no less than 45 minutes. An employee is generally not required to work more than six consecutive hours without a break. However, if the nature of work is such that it must be carried on unremittingly, an employee may be required to work eight hours continuously. In such an instance, a break or breaks must be given so that the employee can have his/her meal(s). G. Normal hours of workAn employee covered by Part IV of the Employment Act is not required under his/her contract of service to work more than eight hours in a day or 44 hours in a week. * The limit of eight hours per day may be exceeded when an employee is not required to work more than five days a week. However, he/she is not required to work for more than nine hours per day or 44 hours in a week. * If the number of hours worked is less than 44 hours every alternate week, the limit of 44 hours a week may be exceeded in the other week.However, this must be stated in the contract of service and is subject to a maximum of 48 hours in one week or 88 hours in any continuous deuce week period. A shift worker is allowed to work up to 12 hours a day, provided that the average working hours each week do not exceed 44 over a continuous three week period. If the employees rest day falls on a day other than a Sunday, the employer is required to prepare a monthly roster and inform him of his rest days for the month at the beginning of each month. H. Overtime allowanceOvertime allowance is payable if the employee is required by the employer to work above th e limit of working hours specified above. All work in excess of the typical hours of work (excluding break time) is considered as overtime work. An employee must be paid no less than 1.5 times his/her hourly basic rate of pay for overtime. Payment for overtime work must be make within 14 days after the last day of the salary period. I. Maximum hours of overtimeAn employee is permitted to work up to a limit of 72 hours of overtime in a month. However, this limit may be exceeded if the Ministry of Manpower has granted an exemption under section 38 of the Employment Act. Employers that require their employees to work more than 72 hours of overtime in a month are required under section 38 of the Employment Act, to apply for overtime exemption from the Ministry of Manpower. For work done on rest days or public holidays it is not included in the 72 hours limit for overtime. However, if an employee flora beyond his normal daily working hours on his rest day or public holiday, the extra h ours of work done would be included in the 72 hours limit for overtime work. The rate of payment for an employee who works overtime on his rest day and public holiday should be paid at not less than one and a half times his hourly basic rate of pay for the overtime work (as in the case of overtime work on any other day), in addition to his rest day or public holiday pay.J. Rest daysAn employee covered by Part IV of the Employment Act is entitled to a rest day comprising one whole day (midnight to midnight) every week. The rest day can be on a Sunday or any other day. The employer should determine the rest day and inform the employee before the beginning of each month. It is not a paid day. Employer cannot compel employees to work on rest day unless under very exceptional circumstances. The longest allowable interval between two rest days is 12 days.This can occur where in one week, the rest day is given on Monday, which is at the beginning of the working week. In the following week, the rest day is on Sunday, which is at the end of next working week. This will enable an employee to take two rest days at a stretch and allow an employer greater flexibility in the rostering of rest days. For a shift worker, the rest day can be a continuous period of 30 hours. A 30-hour rest period that commences before 6pm on a Sunday will be considered as one rest day within the week, even though the 30-hour period will extend into the next week, i.e. on Monday. K. Payment for work done on a rest dayPayment for work done on a rest day should be calculated as such a. Work done at employers request* One days salary when the employee works up to half the normal daily working hours or * Two days salary when the employee works more than half the normal daily working hours. a. Work done at employees request* Half days salary when the employee works up to half the normal daily working hours or * One days salary when the employee works more than half the normal daily working hours. If a n employee works beyond the normal daily working hours on a rest day, he/she should be paid at least 1.5 times the hourly basic rate of pay. L. BenefitsOther benefits outlined in the Singapore Employment Act include the followinga. sick leave,b. annual leave,c. maternalism leave and holidays.Many companies actually offer better benefits than what is required by the Employment Act, though employers are not required to offer employees private wellness insurance. All Singaporean citizens pay into a government health plan through their employer.II. Fair EmploymentSingapore is a meritocratic society and implementing median(a) and merit-based employment practices is the right thing to do. Singapore also has a diverse workforce in terms of its ethnic, religious, age and gender makeup. It will be progressively so in terms of age and gender, as our population ages and as we encourage more women to enter the workforce. Implementing fresh and merit-based employment practices widens the poo l of candidates that employers can recruit from, increasing their chances of finding the best person for the job. Treating employees fairly and with respect also helps employers to retain valued employees to sustain and grow their businesses.Employees will also be more motivated to put in their best for the organisation. The Tripartite Alliance for Fair Employment Practices (TAFEP) works with employer organisations, unions and the Government to create awareness and facilitate the adoption of fair employment practices. TAFEP was formed in pursuant to the recommendation of the Tripartite Committee on Employability of Older Workers to promote employment practices that are fair and equitable to all workers. The Alliance is co-chaired by Mr Heng Chee How, Deputy Secretary-General, National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) and Mr Bob Tan, Vice prexy, Singapore National Employers Federation (SNEF). The Alliance also includes members representing the employers, workers/unions, and the Governme nt.III. Singapore Labour Laws for foreign workersIn Singapore, minimum monthly salary of employment pass (EP) holders is S$2,500 (P77, 500). The S pass took effect July 1, 2004, catering to skilled workers at warmheartedness level with minimum salary of S$1,800 (P55, 800). S pass holders who earn basic monthly salary of at least S$2,500 (P77, 500) can take their spouse and children to Singapore. Professional licenses issued in the Philippines are not recognized. Filipino engineers and architects cannot sign on their project documents.WP (work permit) category includes domestic helper, nursing aide, healthcare assistant, technician and other positions that do not require special skills and college degree. Salaries for work permits are below S$1,800 (P55, 800) monthly. Work permits are valid for two years and maybe renewed with the Ministry of Manpower. Conditions of work permit holders as followsa. Must possess high school diploma for continued employment in the City State b. Can on ly work for employer/company and in occupation stated in his/her work permit card c. Shall not get involved in any illegal, immoral or undesirable activities in Singapore e.g. drugs, crime, prostitution, breaking up families d. Shall not cohabit or have any children with a Singapore Citizen or Permanent President e. Shall abide by conditions relating to marriage to a Singapore Citizen or Permanent Resident, as stated in conditions of work permit f. Shall present self for medical exam examination by a registered Singapore doctor when requested by Controller of WP g. WP card must be surrendered to the Work Permit Department upon completion, forbearance or termination of employment and h. Shall carry his/her work permit card at all times.IV. RestrictionsSingapores Employment Act does not cover domestic helpers. Hence, most problematic of OFWs there are the DHs. Common problems DHs encounter are being made to work in more than one household, steep placement fees, non-payment of salar ies, lack of valid employment contract as basis for settlement of claims/complaints, rare or even no days off, being made to do dangerous work (e.g. window cleaning in high-rise residence), and refusal of employer to attend to medical needs of sick domestic helpers. Singapore observes open grocery policy for domestic workers. Filipino women enter into contractual relationships without guidance from the Philippine government or its representative. They are subjected to excessive deductions from salaries by recruiters both in the Philippines and Singapore. In many cases, the terms and conditions of these employment contracts are below, or are non-compliant with the standards set by the POEA.Employers of DHs must inform the Ministry of Manpower ( florists chrysanthemum) within 12 hours of their knowledge of remnant of their domestic workers. Employment agencies are prohibited from displaying foreign domestic workers. Any display of maids is considered a violation of Section 1, c of E mployment Agency Act and could lead to withdrawal of agencys license. Since May 3, 2004, work permits can be cancelled by simply sending a fax inwardness to the MOM. Employers must submit to MOM the residential address of their foreign workers for easy monitoring in cases of emergency. Effective April 2004, first-time employers and domestic workers must attend seminars at MOM before issuance of work permit.SOURCEShttp//statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3ppage=0query=DocId%3A%22571f13ea-3a91-47ef-a07b-f45d12fc2101%22%20Status%3Apublished%20Depth%3A0rec=0 http//www.ehow.com/list_5989991_labor-laws-singapore.htmlhttp//www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/42715/pinoyabroad/singapore-labor-laws-for-foreign-workers http//www.guidemesingapore.com/incorporation/hr/singapore-employment-act-guide

“Celia behind Me” by Isabel Huggan Essay

Celia behind Me is a Canadian unretentive story, which was written by Isabel Huggan and published in 1984. The setting of the short story is a typical neighborhood in Canada, where two filles, Celia and Elizabeth, are living. The short story is written from Elizabeths point of view.*The title Celia behind me is on the button what it says Celia is continuously behind the narrator, Elizabeth, whether its in school, on the instruction habitation or in their community. Celia is al centerings a few steps behind. Ex. Celia is in the variety below Elizabeth, she always walks just a few steps behind Elizabeth on the way home, and Elizabeth is only a smidge better than Celia in her kindly circle.Celia is a diabetic and obese girl she wears thick glasses and has a rare name, which always makes her classmates mock her. She is an easy victim for humiliation, because she is different from her classmates in twain behavior and appearance.She really wants to be a part of the popular group a nd make friends, but it is almost impossible for her, as she is expelled from her classmates community.Celia is always al ane, even though she very well could be a very nice, and sensible, girl.She only tries to get along, but unfortunately she seems to be so desperate, that her behaviour annoys her classmates. No matter what she does, she is always the selected scapegoat. The teasing only gets worse, after she falls behind in school and has to do the entire grade all over again.Elizabeth is a young girl and the storys narrator. Elizabeth is very uncertain about herself, and she is afraid of being bullied, so she tries to be a part of the set with her classmates, and being in the clique means, that Elizabeth has to be the bully. Her clique victimizes Celia. Elizabeth is aware of the reality if it wasnt for Celia, she would be the next in the line of being humiliated by her so called friends. She bullies Celia as a way to guard her reputation and place in the clique.Elizabeth knows what it feels like to be a victim of bullying, and she is scared. She sucked her thumb openly in kindergarten and got the nickname Sucky, which everybody called her until Grade 3. She ignores Celias feelings, because she has a very low self-confidence and feels alone, so she wont face the risk of standing up to her mean classmates. She doesnt feel love-in-idleness inside herself, which makes her very frustrated.(P. 3 ll. 60-66) Little beasts we were, making our way along slippery streets. Celia, her glasses steamed up even worse than mine, would scuffle and bumble a few yards behind us, and I walked along wishing that some time Id look back and she wouldnt be there. save she always was, andI was always conscious of the hatred that had built up during the winter, in conflict with other emotions that gave me no peace at all.Elizabeth abhors Celia, because she knows deep calibrate inside, that they have a lot in common. They both wear glasses, they are both a little chubby and they both have a rare, way too grown-up name. It is obvious, that Elizabeths worst fear is to be singled out with Celia, because she will not be able to deal with being a victim.The girls control Elizabeths behavior, because they can expel her from their clique, and treat her like they treat Celia. The girls really are very poor in solidarity, and they leave no place for differences.Elizabeths have warns her about the way she treats Celia, telling her that she herself will get to feel that way in the future.One day Elizabeth falls behind on the way home from school, Celia is still honoring them around, and when Celia calls for Elizabeth to wait, the girls turn on Elizabeth. They start calling her Sucky and doing what Elizabeth fears most they bully her like they do Celia. Elizabeth snaps, and starts beating the living daylight out of Celia, shouting at her how much she hates her. When the other girls get her pulled of Celia, Elizabeth runs.(P.6 ll. 164) Shed been half-carried half-dr agged home by the heroic othersI think it is kind of ironic, that the mean, bullying clique of girls carry Celia home, because a few minutes earlier, before Elizabeth attacked Celia, they had left Celia wandering around alone and scared in the pipe. That is a testimony of how fake girls can be.Celia being the way she is forgives Elizabeth very quickly, but even as Celia dies at seventeen, Elizabeth never really does forgive Celia. Because what Celia has done to Elizabeth is a lot worse than a physical beating, Celia is the one that showed Elizabeth, how ark and frightening she really is.*The short storys main theme is bullying, which clearly reflect all trough the story. The more original thing in the story is that we experience the occurrences in Elizabeths perspective.Normally you would follow the story in the victims point of view, but is more interesting and provoking, to follow the mind of the mean character, like for example Elizabeth.

Eastern Stars Shining In The West Essay

To most bulk discover there who do not speak Korean, Gangnam StyleYay,sexy ladyoh.oh.oh. is fundamentally the only words out of all lines that they erect understand in the song Gangnam Style by Psy. However, this Korean song somehow has turned out to be a viral popular pop song even to non-Korean speakers with little understanding of what the lyrics mean. Apparently, Asiatic singers are gaining popularity around the globe and their appeal is no longer limited to Asian audiences only. Singers apart, movie stars are also gaining a place in the Western countriesJackie Chan, Bruce Lee, Li Gong and Jet Li to put up but a few. Generally speaking, technological advancement, trend of Asian cultures and change in music type are the major reasons why the stars from the East can survive and thrive in the West, where there is a cut-throat showbiz market. Technologically speaking, advancement in this aspect extenuates the significance of geographic restrictions. In the past, with fewer choi ces yet higher(prenominal) cost of transportations, it was nearly impossible to travel a long distance to different lands. In this regard, convenient transportation at present allows Asian artists to fell to Western countries for promotion with ease.What is also noteworthy is that the emergence of the Internet forms a platform where films and music videos can be shared from one place to the opposite side of the world in just a blink of an eye. Given the ever-evolving technology, it comes as no surprise that masses in the West are candid to and provided with countless Asian movies and songs through promotion in both the actual world and the digital one. Truth be told, who does not like refreshingly untested things? That Asian songs and movies are right up their alley in terms of refreshingness is very likely. Culturally speaking, the rise in popularity of Asian culture in divers(a) aspects leads to more(prenominal) attention paid to Asian actors. Under the influence of globali zation, cultures are passed from countries to countries. The most noticeable change or what I would call the trend is that people from the West have a great inclination for the cultures in Asia. For example, Kung Fu was introduced to the US and is now the type of exercise many Americans try to and like to learn cheongsam has render a type of formal clothing for Westerners and has stirred up a crude retrograde fashion. With more people showing interest in Asian cultures, more focus is put onto the people who exhibit them, the Asian actors.Moreover, many Hollywood filmproducers are riding on this Asian culture hysterical neurosis and make a lucrative business by incorporating Asian features into their new movies. For a case in point, the Karate Kid, although namely Karate, is Kung-Fu-themed and it makes a great box office. In other words, more chances are given to Asian actors to appear on world-class movies. Without a doubt, there is a subtle but solid correlation coefficient betw een the trend of Asian cultures and the rising popularity of Asian movie stars. Probably out of the need to adapt to a new place and a new kind of customers? Asian singers from time to time have made songs in English that are comprehendible to most people who speak this international language. In this way, with more understanding about the meaning of the lyrics, Western people can more easily recognize the talent of Asian singers and in turn more easily idolize them, or at least this could be the case for those who define good songs as the ones with a deep meaning.For others that do not taste a lesson from listening to songs, the fast rhythms and beats of some Asian songs can be a reason good enough for them to admire Asian singers. As aforementioned, Psy is now a sensation worldwide even though he sings in Korean. Music is a universal language everyone understands. While some people nowadays still insist on the importance of having an introspective message in a song for it to be g ood, some define good songs as those with catchy beats. Given the fact that some Asian singers are making songs in English or with exciting rhythm and beats, it is not hard to relieve why they can get so popular in the West. In conclusion, the phenomenon of stars from the East gaining popuplarity in the West can be explained by technology advancement, trending Asian cultures and change in music type. By far, it is still a healthy phenomenon, but everything is a double-edged sword. Will this bring about any problems in the future? Only time could tell.

Issue in Corporate Failure of Bank Essay

It in like manner raised millions of revenue by accounting techniques to show false profits and hided their losses which occur in trading and bad debt. The biggest aver dissembler in history According to Manhattan District Attorney Robert M. Morgenthau, the BCCI scandal that came to light in 1991 was the largest vernacular fraud in world history. Perhaps no other criminal enterprise has involved or at least embarrassed so many prominent people, from billionaire Arab sheikhs to Third World dictators to present and former(prenominal) leading figures in the U. S. and British governments.Certainly none could match the international web of financial chicanery, political intrigue, and unsavoury figures with which BCCI was said to be associated. (Source Encyclopaedia Encarta 2007) BCCI was intermeshed in four major frauds. One was a cover-up of $633m of losses on treasury trading. The second was the penal acquisition through nominees of several banks in the US, in which it spend $34 6m. The third was a complex manipulation of accounts to prop up its largest borrower, the gulf shipping group of Pakistan, to which it lent more than $725m, which was over the curb set by banking regulations.The fourth was fundamental fraud by which BCCI allegedly acquire out of sight control of 56% of its own shares at a constitute of over $500m. BCCI was a serpent eating its own tail. These sums add up to more than $2bn. But this is a minimum it omits the enormous cost to BCCI of financing its secret losses. The manipulation to cover up the fraud involved another $2bn, bringing the grand total to well over $4bn. BCCI frauds were the main reasons for its corporate failure. The scale the fraud is breathtaking enough. But while most frauds involve the disappearance of real bullion, BCCI did the exact opposite.It manufactured billions of dollars out of nothing to conceal gaping holes in its remainder sheet, like a giant game of Double Your Money. This involved extraordinary financ ial gymnastics and illegal loans on a huge scale. When BCCI lastly came crashing down, it was not with a thud, but in a shower of paper. (Behind Closed Door FT Publication) BCCI initiated every single route to excel its growth. In a first place its corporate structure was so complicated which involved uses of shell corporations frequently termed as satellites, bank confidentiality and secrecy.BCCIs top management including nominees which also includes some famous personalities in politics were involved in corruption and made it a supreme atmosphere for crime. BCCIs criminalities included, Fraud by BCCI and BCCI customers involving billions of dollars money laundering in Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas BCCIs bribery of officials in most of those locations, Support of terrorism, arms trafficking, and the sale of nuclear technologies Management of prostitution The commission and facilitation of income tax evasion, smuggling, and illegal immigration Illicit purchases of banks and real estate. Source Walker, L. 2001) Abdul Basir, head of BCCI Pakistan operation, says We looked after clients in the most efficient, personalised manner. The diamond market which is home to Lahores famous saltation girls, Prostitutes, who for centuries have provided entertainment for emperors and their courtiers and latterly for politicians, Arab Sheikhs and bankers. BCCI used these girls to treat Arabs rich businessmen and major shareholders. BCCIs Zafar Iqbal, former chief executive, was in charge of managing prostitutes. Corporate ill luck of BCCIThere were two main reasons of BCCIs corporate failure apart from their criminal activities. These were high risk loans and trading. A banks treasury plays a key role in managing its financial affairs by trading large amounts of money and currencies. Some if this dealing is done on behalf of clients. But bank treasuries also speculate on whether currencies will rise or fall, using their own money. BCCI was no exception. According t o Price Waterhouse, the bank combined these two activities by trading huge amounts of clients money but in its own name, and without their knowledge.

Which Has Posed the Greatest Problem for Singaporean in Ensuring Social Harmony †Racial Differences, Religious Differences or the Threat of Transnational Terrorism? Explain You Answer.

In a multi-ethnic and multi- unearthly society like Singapore, thither is a ask to maintain the racial and unearthly sensitivities and promote tolerance and harmony. In addition, thither is also the need to build national identity by instilling a sense of belonging. in that locationfore, there is a need to identify the most important problem out of the three and then solve it. The first problem is managing the perceptions of different racial groups. There is a need to manage this problem as preconceived notions of biased treatment by the government against any racial group could lead to the extravasation of violence among the different communities.For example, in 1964, Singapore experienced look sharp riots which resulted in 36 dead and 590 injured. Singapore was in Malaysia then, and the UMNO felt threatened when the tit participated in the 1964 Federal elections. The UMNO then led an anti-PAP campaign in the medium using the Utusan Melayu, claiming that PAPs rule disadvantag ed the Malays and that Malay Singaporeans remained poor under PAPs rule. They also claimed that PAP was uprooting Malay families in resettlement projects. Some UMNO extremists even came to Singapore and made fiery speeches that angered many Singaporean Malays.In July 1964, during the exultation of Prophet Muhammads birthday, a clash between a Chinese policeman and a group of Malay participants turned into a full-blown race riot over the next few days. This shows how the perceptions of unequal treatment towards the different races push aside cause suspicions, distrust and even hostility among Singaporeans, even if these perceptions are not based on facts. Therefore, this problem must be managed to prevent any outbreak of violence among citizens. The second problem is managing the perceptions of different religious groups.There is a need to do this as differences in religious beliefs and practices are issues that can create tension among people in Singapore, especially if it has been perceived that the concerns of a certain religious community have not been considered. This is shown in the Maria Hertogh riot during 1950. Maria Hertogh, born to Dutch-Eurasian parents was adopted during the war by an Indonesian Muslim woman, Aminah, as her parents were interned by the Japanese. After the war, the Hertoghs launched a legal battle for the workforce of their daughter. The custody battle attracted intense media attention worldwide.The judge ordered that Maria be placed temporarily in a Catholic convent while the trail was taking place. Photographs in newspaper of Maria, who was raised a Muslim, in a Catholic convent before a statue of Virgin Mary affected religious sensitivities and angered the Muslim Community as they felt that their religion was not respected at all. The British courts gave custody of Maria to her biological mother. Upon hearing the judgement, huge crowds outside the court rioted, convinced that the colonial laws, the courts and the legal system w as prejudiced against the Muslims.The riots showed that if issues with religious implications are not handled in a sensitive manner, hostility and distrust could occur among people. The last problem is managing the threats from external forces. This also needs to be managed because transnational terrorist groups tend to exploit religious or race issues in order to achieve their political aims, suspicion and tension may arise among people in multi-ethnic societies like Singapore. For an example, the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) is a militant group which has been active in the Southeast Asia. Its aim is to set up an Islamic state in Asia.Some of its activities include fund-raising and purchasing materials for making bombs. From 2001-2002, 34 JI members were arrested under the Internal Security Act for their involvement in terrorist-related activities. Targets in Singapore included the US embassy and somewhat government buildings. Following the arrests, there was some mixed reactions from Si ngaporeans who were prepared to do harm in the various ethnic communities. Shocked that there were Singaporeans who were prepared to do harm to innocent civilians, some members of the public expressed distrust towards members of certain communities.This shows that managing external threats poses a significant challenge, as it has potential to divide people along racial and religious lines. every in all, I feel that the problem that has posed the greatest threat for Singapore in ensuring social harmony is the threat of transnational terrorism. As it can cause distrust between both religions and races while the other two can only either cause distrust among religions or races. In addition, if they manage to overcome the threat from external forces, citizens will be able to trust each other and violence and distrust will not breakout.

Plunkitt of Tammany Hall Essay

Theres an honest engraft and, Im an example of how it worksIve seen my opportunities and I took em (3). An elicit that defines the confident and political leader George Washington Plunkitt. As a brilliant and successful crinkleman Plunkitt managed to employ his method of machine politics to win the heart and commitment of people and political power. In the new(a) Plunkitt of Tammany Hall, author William L. Riordon, Plunkitts political reporter who records the many lectures Plunkitt presented at Tammany Hall. The book emphasizes on Plunkitts protagonism for political control and the political machine that helped him gain wealth and a political seat in Tammany Hall.In novel, Plunkitt defends the political machine by explaining the difference between honest graft and dishonest graft. Many accused the political leaders of Tammany Hall of gaining wealth from graft. Plunkitt describes the difference between the two terms. He describes dishonest graft as blackmailin gamblers, saloonkee pers, and disorderly people (3). In other words, the corruption of gaining political or business power used from bribery. Plunkitts term for honest graft has to do with the example of buy and selling off land for business projects. For example, if the town begins discussing a specific piece of land to be used for a community park, Plunkitt would buy that piece of land, inflate the price, and sell the property to the project developer. Plunkitt finds his look of profiting honest I call this taking profit of ones political power. As an honest Irish-American Plunkitt knows how to take advantage of the game and he will continue to play it until sand turns into stone.With the ability to win over voters hearts and gain political support Plunkitt comfortably knows how to keep a seat in Tammany Hall. One of his, again, honest tactics, Plunkitt knows how to target specific types of voters. In the chapter To Hold Your District, Plunkett claims how to target the lower fork people. He would start house fires so that the poor would not have any clothing or forage. Then Plunkitt would act as a friend to the people giving them quarters for clothing and food to win the heart of the people. In other words, he was gaining a vote. Plunkitt would even hand out edulcorate to children to promise to make sure their parents were voting for him in elections. As a corruption to society, Plunkitt knew how fake the political act and win people over with friendships. According to Plunkitt in order to become a political leader in Tammany Hall one must know how to bluff. Everything was about winning a vote, whether it was taking soul to a baseball game or handing out candy to children. What ever it took.As a business and political man, Plunkitt knew the political game inside and out. With corruption, he managed to continue to remain in office for countless years. Even though Plunkitts grammar was inferior to a professors or college graduate, it had nothing to do with being a politi cal powerhouse. A politician had to have common sense and know how to gain ones trust, even if it meant dishonesty. By selling himself and taking advantage of political and business opportunities with honest or dishonest graft, Plunkitt attentiveness perpetually kept himself in front with wealth and politically.

Analysis of Ahab Moby Dick Essay

1. Dictator Melville describes Ahab as a dictator. He, as the captain, is the most respectful figure in the Pequod. nearly critics say that the novel is a metaphor from the world. E trulyone depends of one person. It is a political point of view. The Pequod is seen as a small world. He is a grand, ungodly, god-like man. Ahab is ungodly in that he refuses to submit to any higher power. He does non worship or raze acknowledge the superiority of forces beyond himself. Ahab is god-like in that he is large than life.2. Obsession Ahab considers Moby light beam the embodiment of evil in the world, and he pursues the White Whale monomaniacally because he believes it his inevitable fate to destroy this evil. He is obsessed with revenge. Moby Dick dominates the personality of Ahab. He gradually goes crazier and crazier, eventually blaming Moby Dick for everything bad that has ever happened to any human being ever since the beginning of time. Melville describes Ahab as a monomaniac, an e voke word because it suggests two things first, that Ahabs insanity focuses itself obsessively on a single thing (Moby Dick), and second, that hes only insane when it comes to that one thing he can be rational nigh just about everyone else.3. Suffering Ahab believes that his suffering stems from the White Whale known as Moby Dick. . He befogged more than leg the first time he fought against Moby Dick he lost his pride, his free will, and his very being. His sole purpose after this encounter was to kill Moby-Dick, all else was cast aside. His wife, home, friends, and family do not even cross his mind. Ahab basically spends his life alone in the sea. He feels in home when he is in the ocean. He is always looking for Moby Dick, looking along. He has not friends he is a romantic hero. Ahab is not a happy human being, he is like heroes of Shakespearean tragedy. He is suffering for the pain he has inside from the beginning to the end of the novel. Close to the end of the novel Melville makes a reflection about Ahabs life, trying to humanize him. He is lamenting everything on his life.

Psychometrics Validty and elaiability

Contents Introduction The selection of employees is one of the most signifi evoket tasks a human resources practitioner Is faced with. This affects the flow of employees entering and exiting the firm. Many Issues may arise If the recruiting process Is non In accordance with the South African Legislation, viz. the role equity act and the labor traffic act, which governs the dependability lustiness, bias and fairness of psychometric quantifyment stridements.These legislations baffle been brought about to protect employees once to a greater extentst discrimination and dirty practices which were experienced urine the previous dispensations. In accordance to the terms of the provisions of Section 8 of the participation Equity Act (55 of 1998) Psychological canvasing and other similar sagaciousnesss of an employee are prohibited unless the rivulet or assessment being use of goods and servicesd (a) has been scientifically shown to be valid and reli open (b) can be employ fairly to all employees and (c) is not dark-skinned against any employee or group.The psychological measuring rod actor we have chosen in accordance with HAPS is the bucket B. The Ability Processing of discip government note and Learning barrage fire ( pailful-B) will e critically evaluated within this essay. This psychometric assessments battery can therefore assist recruiters who use these measures to identify employees who have the potential to grow and learn with In organizations.Furthermore It should be noted that the pail B Is a cognitive measure and Is not only utilize for recruitment and selection in organizations, scarce can in addition be utilize for selection into schools, universities and other areas. Hence, this essay will report the PAIL B by means of the following headings namely evaluating the PAIL B, Composition of the PAIL B, Validity, Reliability, Bias and Limitations.Evaluating the PAIL B According to foxtrot and rood (201 3), It Is an assessment pra ctitioners duty to evaluate the Information offered about a measure and determine whether it Is valid and reliable for its intended aim. Foxtrot and Rood (2013), further state that for evaluating a measure, more or less of the things that an assessment practitioner should consider are how long ago it was developed quality of manual circumscribe clarity of instructions and cultural appropriateness.First conceptualized in 1994 by T. R Taylor, the PAIL B Ability, Processing of Information and Learning Battery- (Taylor, n. . ), was designed as a set of discovers with the purpose of assessing ones vital cognitive capableness. In severalize for the assessment to be most effective It should be administered on single(a)s with privates with a minimum of twelve eld educational background (Taylor, n. D. ).The PAIL B is ideal for identifying those who are likely to master sweet cognitively challenging content in a training context and establishing levels in order to place commonweal th in the correct positions. Taylor (n. D. ), has identified three norms that the PAIL B even ups use of, namely stained (scale of 1 9) tens are used in the Flexibility-Accuracy- drive on Tests (FAST), stained are used in the concept formation interrogation the memory prove and K like a shotledge transfer probe while percentiles are used in the arch of cultivation test.According to Taylor (n. D. ), the PAIL B is divided into five test booklets and two ancillary booklets which make up eight haemorrhoid namely Abstract thinking Speed of entropy touch the true of information processing cognitive flexibility Performance gain in a learning task final level of proficiency Memory and understanding and Transfer of acquaintance, which ill take approximately three hours and cardinal five minutes to administer.Composition PAIL Battery Concept formation test This test was designed to assess ones ability to think abstractly and conceptually to form abstract concepts, reason hypot hetically, theories, build scenarios (and) t hightail it causes (Taylor, p. 4, n. D. ). The test is comprised of thirty questions distributively consisting of six depictions of similar nature the test taker must identify the depiction that does not share a characteristic that the rest of the depictions share (Taylor, n. D. ). Flexibility-Accuracy-speed Tests (FAST) Taylor (n. D. Suggests that this battery within a battery measures speed (quickness) and accuracy of information processing, and cognitive flexibility. The FAST test is made up of quad individual assessments namely Series Mirror image Transformations and combined tests. All four assessments are time sensitive and have been designed in such a stylus that it is very rare for a test taker to very complete the entire assessment. It uses shapes of different sizes which may contain either a dot or line in the center. The basic idea of the tests is to identify a pattern and find the omitted depiction.Curve of learning Accord ing to Taylor (n. D. ), this test focuses on a learning potential, it aims to assess ones capacity at which they are able to master new skills. It looks at future achievement potential rather than the abilities that the person already has. The test is split into four timed sessions which requires the test taker to decode a series of paired images into another set of images and once again decode these images to a set of words. Images are decoded with the aid of the first ancillary booklet, the dictionary.Memory test Directly afterwards the test taker has completed the curve of learning test, the memory test s administered. It follows the same concept as the curve of learning where the test takers are required to decode images to words however the dictionary is now taken away. The performance of the test taker on this test reflects the extent to which the test taker has unders alsod the logical sexual congress amidst the symbols and words. Knowledge transfer test According to Fergu son (1956, as cited in Taylor, n. D. ), transferring noesis and skills to similar areas or situations is a vital process of cognitive development.The knowledge transfer test, as the name suggests, measures this ability. The test insists of a series of connected depictions referred to as pieces of equipment (Taylor, p. 19, n. D. ), which have a specific feature in addition to a basic shape. The test taker is required to categorize them under symbols. Test takers are also given the instant ancillary booklet. Validity established to ensure that the test is valid for the purpose it is to be used for. Foxtrot and Rood (2013) state that the the validity of a measure concerns what the test measures and how well it does so.In the studies consulted it has been evident that take a crap and amount validity were shown to be turn over in the PAIL B assessment. The construct validity of a measure is the extent to which it measures the theoretical construct or trait that it is supposed to mea sure (Foxtrot & Rood 2013). The back validation measure of criterion validity was defined by Paella and Wren (2005) who stated that Criterion-Related Validity is used to predict future or authentic performance. The method that used to determine criterion tie in validity is prophetic validity.Murphy and Adversaries (2005) define predictive validity as a method of determining criterion validity. It also used to determine the correlation of test takers test grade and there criterion related to scores. Taylor (1995) examined the validity on the SOFT, where he gave the measure to 33 first- socio-economic class university students who had been accepted into the university on merits other than their punctuate twelve results. Taylor correlated the marks from their SOFT assessments and the marks of the course they took which were to improve their logical thinking and argumentation skills. Therefore the correlation was 0. 4 (p = 0. 012). Taylor (1995, as cited in Astrakhan, 1998) en graft in another shoot which inquired the validity on the Curve of Learning and Memory and dread tests was inducted employ a sample of 110 workers from a beverage manufacturing firm. The criteria for evaluating workers included facets such as their capacity to learn new procedures and concepts, to understand why things come on in the firm as a whole, and their capacity to plan and organism. These results averaged correlations of 0. 35. The low correlation can be attributed to the fact that a diverse sample was not used.A further study by Taylor (1995) tack together criterion scores which was given to 43 employees who were enrolled in a course designed to prepare them for a progression in Junior management positions. The correlations here were reported to be 0. 67 and 0. 79 respectively, which can be interrupted to prove to be an recreate predictor of performance. In an additional study conducted by Lopes, Rood and Maier (2001) on the predictive validity of the PAIL-B in a finan cial institution the purpose was to assess the predictive validity of the PAIL test battery, in order to identify learning potential.A sample of 235 successful joke applicants were used to complete the test battery and found the predictive validity of the test battery was assessed using a canonical discriminate analysis procedure. The procedure was adopted in view of the nominal specialty of the managers ratings, and due to the limited sample size the 5 point rating scale was eventually collapsed too 2 point classification. Reliability It should be noted that an assessment is reliable if it measures the same construct in a consistent and precise manner over time.Foxtrot and Rood (2009) define reliableness of a measure as the consistency to which it measures whatever it measures. Split half reliability was a major psychometric station of reliability used among majority of the literature we consulted. In the PAIL B, (Taylor 1995) elucidates that split half reliability was used to investigate whether or not the PAIL-B is reliable. Foxtrot and Rood (2013, p. 47) define split-half reliability as obtained by rending the measure into two equivalents (after a single administration of the test) and computing the correlation coefficient surrounded by these two sets of scores.During Taylor investigations into the reliability of the PAIL B, he used a sample of six groups to test reliability coefficient of the flexibility, accuracy and speed test and the knowledge transfer test. These have reliability coefficients room a low of 0. 70 too high of 0. 86 and 0. 71 0. 84 respectively Taylor (1995). In a study make by the defense campaign which lasted over a period of three years with new recruits. The purpose was to determine whether the psychometric evaluation processes can reliably predict the learning potential of first year recruits at the academy.The FAST considered the following firstly, the PAIL B investigated whether the FAST has a positive effect on how quic kly recruits learn new abilities. It was found that a significant human relationship with a reliability coefficient of (r=O,491) exists between legibility of information processing and steepness of the learning curve. This therefore is below the accepted reliability coefficient of Secondly, it was found that a strong relationship with a reliability coefficient of is apparent between speed of information processing and the total amount of work completed by the recruits.Lastly, it was determined that the small relationship with a reliability coefficient of exists between accuracy of information processing and steepness of the learning curve. This therefore is below the accepted reliability coefficient of However, the results concluded that three components of the FAST, are true in predicting how quickly new recruits in the defense force will develop new competencies. The findings also further indicated that the accuracy with which information is processed has a minimum influence on the rate a recruit will develop new competencies (Preterits 2010).In terms of the knowledge transfer test which investigated if there was a transfer of knowledge to crystallized abilities. Meaning it investigated if there was a transfer of what the recruits learnt and how they apply it in combat situations. Preterits (2010) defines crystallized abilities as are peccadillo insight or understanding and knowledge that emerge via transfer from existing knowledge and that is subsequently, successfully stored in memory. The Memory and Understanding sub-test of the PAIL-B was used to measure crystallized ability of recruits.It was found that a positive relationship exists between the transferring of knowledge in what the recruit learnt and crystallized abilities. The reliability coefficient was reported as a positive directional relationship between transfer of knowledge and crystallized abilities. A substantial relationship with a liability coefficient of 5) exists between memory and und erstanding and crystallized abilities. This therefore suggests that a moderate correlation exists.In terms of the curve of learning, it was found that prior learning has a positive directional effect on learning performance therefore the results indicate a substantial relationship and moderate correlation with a reliability coefficient of In concluding with this study, it can be said that the defense forces use of the PAIL B (Preterits 2010). A De Geode and Thereon (2010) study concurred with Preterits (2010) where a non- arability sample of 434 new recruits from the South African Police Service Training College in Philipp, cape Town was used.Even though the size of the selected sample is quite acceptable, making use of a non-probability sampling of the objective lens population, caution should be taken when making generalizations. De Geode and Thereon (2010), found that a score of reliability score of (r= 0. 45). This suggests that a question mark hangs over the success with whi ch at least some of the concealed variables comprising the results of the learning potential police recruits. Standard Error of Measurement Foxtrot and Rood (2013, p. 49), explain that the standard flaw of measurement indicates the band of error around each obtained score, and examiners should aware of the standard error of measurement for each subtest before interpreting the test takers score. Therefore, assessors must be cognizant of the test takers history and current circumstances. Factors such as culture, transient conditions, prior learning and test wishes can have an impact on the variance between the true score (obtained under perfect conditions) and the obtained score.Preterits (2010) outlines hat prior learning of an individual and their familiarity with taking assessment has a significant impact on their ability to perform in test conditions. While Dodos (2000) was of the view that a testes culture as well as environmental factors will also affect the scores of the hist orically disadvantaged people of South Africa. Bias Prior (2011) explains that bias implies that test scores obtained for various subgroups of a given population cannot be interpreted in the same way across the groups.Taylor (1995) suggests PAIL-B was designed as a learning potential test and therefore emits any biased based on cultural differences. This is a result of the test being a non-verbal test, except for the instructions, and the test comprises of mainly geometric depictions thus language does not become an issue of concern. Astrakhan (2008) concurs with Taylor (1995) in a study conducted with a sample of 400 individuals, 66 testes had African surnames while the large majority can be classified as white.The data analysis for both race groups were highly correlated indicating that there is no potential for bias. However, it should be kept in mind that his was not a representative sample. Further studies were consulted to investigate the potential bias in the PAIL B. A sample of 20 psychological professionals from various fields, were asked to investigate the cultural bias of the PAIL-B found that 6 out of the 20 felt that the test was bias (Dodos 2000). Thus, it can be stated that there is a potential for bias based on ones culture.Similarly, Preterits (2010) concurs with Dodos as he found that the PAIL B was accused of being biased and under representing the cognitive capacity of individuals from historically disadvantaged backgrounds. Thus, in order to bring recruitment practices in line with legislation in the Employment Equity act, these tests was subsequently replaced with a selection battery thought to be less susceptible to culture, race and gender bias. This resulted in the measure being removed from use in the context of the defense force.Limitations of the PAIL B diverse enough for the representative target population. This is further verified by Astrakhan (2008), who also did not make use of a diverse sample. Therefore based on the literatur e from these authors, it is evident that accurate conclusions cannot be ran indicating that there are limitations in the above studies. Conclusion In the end the results show that, the PAIL-B is able to predict the performance of individuals not only in certain institutions but for any selection at an accurate level and therefore makes the battery a vital instrument to use.It is evident that the PAIL- B is a somewhat overaged measure but still proves to be valid and reliable in measuring cognitive abilities today. However, caution could be taken when administering the PAIL-B, as some authors have found that bias is present in historically disadvantaged groups. This essay therefore reported on the PAIL B through evaluation of the PAIL B, Composition of the PAIL B, Validity, Reliability, Bias and Limitations. Recommendations Firstly, it should be noted that the PAIL B is an outdated selection battery.In order for organizations to make fair decisions in line with the Employment Equity Act, a more relevant battery needs to be considered. Secondly, it should also not be used in its individual capacity within the recruitment and selection process and is it advisable to be used in accordance with other valid information such as candidates curriculum its and other test results. Thirdly, the use of the PAIL can be considered bias in instances where people from different cultures and race groups are affected.In addition, Astrakhan (2008), De Geode and Thereon (2010), should make use of a more representative sample in order to draw conclusions about the reliability of their studies. Lastly, we also propose that measures within the battery not require such strict prior learning criteria as these have been shown to bias the historically disadvantaged individuals who have not had exposure to prior learning. germ List psychometric test administrators toward the PAIL B as a culture fair assessment with special reference to the employment equity act.

Essay about change Essay

Period 5Change laughingstock be a journey for everyone because the domain is constantly changing and we need to adapt to these converts. Sometimes change can be a full(a) thing, deal getting a promotion at work. Sometimes change is disappointing or sad, such(prenominal) as a close family member dying. Either way, change is something that happens to everybody all the time. I rally that in this era more things are changing more rapidly. This generation has to adapt to many changes in kitchen-gardening and our society. Because things change so rapidly, sometimes you need a chance to slow down and live in the moment. In this essay, I will explore how change is a journey that everyone takes.The first word in the Change category is away. I withdraw the word can inspire people to change their lives for the better. When you think about the word forward, you picture aptitude and change for a better world. Moving forward in invigoration is about being passionate in what you do. Peop le who dont affirm a passion for anything lead boring lives. To move forward you as well as have to have often of positive experiences. Being positive is always good for you because if you are negative you cant have the outlook on sprightliness that positive people have. I think the word forward can apply to me because I try to stay positive and passionate in life.The next word that I can apply to my life is excitement. Everyone loves to be excited, because its the opposite of being bored, and your brain does not like to be bored. I think that excitement can fuel the brain to do things it would not be capable of in boredom. A lot of life is about being excited. Excitement relates to change because to have any major changes in life you have to be excited, or positive, about what you do. I think the word relates to my life because I am not usually bored. I try to stay emotionally active at all times.The final word I will discuss is possibility. Possibilities in life only jazz to those who can adapt to changes in the world. People who can findniches in life and make a profit from them know how to adapt and make possibilities for themselves. Change and possibilities are similar because when things change new possibilities always arise from them. People can apply the word possibility to their lives because possibility is live to your success as a person.To conclude, nearly everything in life revolves around constant change. A newfangled example is the stock market, where energy is really permanent. Another example is death, a natural process of change. Changes also happen within people. As a person grows up and matures, his or her personality changes greatly. There is nothing permanent in life except change, said the philosopher Heraclitus. Some call change or mixed bag the spice of life. Change is the very nature of being. Every new day is different from the previous day. Tides come and go. Sometimes a whole river changes its course. Changes that take pla ce in nature we have little or no control over. However, changes in our personal lives can be manipulated to some extent, and if youre careful, it can let go out well for you. Change is just a fact of life, and in order to be successful, you mustiness learn to adapt to changes.

The Other Side of Truth Summary

The story begins in Nigeria, with the death of Femi and Sades mother. She was killed byagents of the corrupt government, the Brass Buttons, to force Folarin Solaja, thechildrens father, to stop writing for converse , an uncensored new-fashionedspaper. The children thenhave to flee the country, where they are not safe. Their Uncle Tunde arranges for themto be smuggled to London, where their Uncle Dele lives, with Mrs Bankole. Their fathershould then join them there.However, instead of decision the hoped-for safety, they areabandoned by Mrs Bankole in the middle of London, a strange city they know nothing more or less. When they are set by the police, they are put into the care of Mrs Graham. Theymeet Jenny, Mama Appiah and Mr. Nathan, who try their best to help them by gettingthe children temporarily admitted in England, and by finding a new foster family forthem Gracie and Roy King. Sade had to lie to officials about their call forth so as to no gether father into trouble, and th e kindness displayed by the adults makes her feel guiltyabout her lies.She is also sad about Femis sulliness, and feels real homesick. Matters dont improve on her first day in her new school she feels lost in the Englisheducation system, much less harsh and demanding with students than in Nigeria. Eventhough she finds friendship and understandingwithMariam, a fissure refugee, and MrMorris, the English teacher, she starts getting bullied by Marcia, and her gang. She isforced to steal a lighter for them, for example, in Mariams uncles store, somethingthat she feels very guilty about.She starts dreading going to school, as she doesntknow how to deal with bullies. One day, Mama Appiah arrives at the house with good discussion she has found the childrensfather, who managed to get into England thanks to a false passport. However, he was puttaken to a Detention Centre because he didnt ask for political asylum, because he was soworried about his children. The Nigerian Police then announc e that he is wanted for themurder of his wife. Desperate, Sade and Femi decide to try and meet a television reporter.

For Elderly Shut-ins, It was Ken's Day Out Essay

For Elderly Shut-ins, It was awarenesss Day Out - Essay ExampleI eagerly showed up the next morning to meet with the staff promptly at 1130.Ms. Shields thanked me for coming and say it was a blessing to meet someone my age with so much enthusiasm to help. I began to institutionalize and swell with self-admiration when she added, But Im sorry. Our insurance wont cover you until youre older. Our drivers have to be at least eighteen. Her manner of speaking fell at my feet like cold stones from a childs Easter basket. My swelling pummeled into a quivering pussy of disappointment.My thoughts raced like a balloon released before its time, wandering madly out of words and dropping dispiritedly still. My face must have reflected the confused loneliness I felt inside as I could see Ms. Shields struggle for words that might comfort me. Her thoughtful eyes and graceful gestures gave me some hope. I do have someone that might be able to use your help though, she said. Ken is one of our more experienced drivers. Maybe you would like to ride with him today. I jumped at the opportunity as she motioned me to the kitchen where half a dozen ladies were arguing with an old man about the amount of white pepper in the soup.Ken was a robust man for 87 years old. The years had hardened his features, just left him a little pinkish from too little sun.

International Migration to the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

International Migration to the UK - Essay ExampleThis chance bequeath be an advantage of the usage of this method since the respondent may even give duplication information that will make the interview more detailed and comprehensive. This method of data collection will be also imperative beca mapping the respondent will be able to give information approximately their values, attitudes, and opinions and they will be able to explain how they contextualize the issues that argon contained in the interview. Another strength of the use of the in-depth semi-structured interview is that data can be collected from an informal atmosphere. This aspect will make the respondent be open, may give more information without fear and may disclose much detail that they cannot digest when the information is collected from a formal setting. This aspect makes the information that is obtained to be more detailed than the use of the interviews that require a formal setting. Finally, this method of da ta collection is flexible and as the interview is pickings place the order of questions can be adjusted and may result in no conflict of the issues or inadequacy. However, this type of method of data collection has its shortcoming as it is used for the data collection. The study disadvantage is that the few interviews of this nature can be undertaken because each one of them takes a longer cartridge clip to be completed. The other shortcoming of this method of study is the comparison of the information obtained from the in-depth semi-structured interviews is difficult since the answers to various questions are not ordered.

Actions for country, briefing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Actions for country, apprize - Essay ExampleFirst thing in analysis of the countries cultural practices is understands the countries history, rationality the present and finally trying to predict the coming(prenominal). This understanding will help in predicting the performance of the industry and also its future existence in the chosen country. Historical understanding of the country provides a clear perception of its customs duty and background. It provides us with the reason why certain things argon done by the country or the community. In Indian custom and tradition, it is a common practice for every Indian to wash his or her legs originally getting inside the house at night. Studying history of the Indians you find that in the past when concourse used to walk with there bare foot, their feet became dirty and they needed to be washed before get in the house as an hygienic practice and a way to wash the evil ( Willford, 2007 ). This is because they believed that evil inva riably attaches itself to the feet. This shows that the present reaction of people to certain things is an indication of the past reaction to the similar thing. Hence understanding of the Countries history is the basic of cultural analysis.The preferred country of choice is Australia. It is one of the Australian Countries found advance longstanding trade, cultural links and investment with Asia region. It is almost completely surrounded by Indian and peace-loving oceans. Australia shares maritime territories with its neighboring countries. The countries that are neighboring Australia include Vanuatu, Solomon Island, New Caledonia, New Zealand, new Guinea, East Timor and Indonesia, that are all island countries in Asia-pacific and S.E Asian regions. It also shares an overland border in Antarctic territory that joins territories claimed to croak to many nations. The largest country that neighbors Australia is Indonesia. Indonesia belongs to S.E Asian as well as Asia-Pacific regions . The second

Oil and the U.S. economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Oil and the U.S. economy - Assignment ExampleThe US remains very dependent on these foreign anoint reserves for its functioning economy which leaves us helpless to disruption. The US consumes much than 25% of the worlds oil and this is going up by 2% every family 57% of this oil being consumed is imported from Canada, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and Mexico (Churchill). What this means is the US is built around the accustom of oil for cheap, reliable energy. The US economy, from its most basic consumer base, cannot survive without it for very long.Despite the USs clear dependence on foreign oil the US is less dependent on this oil as it was in 1973 and 1980. According to the New York Times, the energy used for each dollar of gross interior(prenominal) product in 1980 was almost 70 percent greater than it is today. While we have collectively wrung our pass over the decline of manufacturing in the country, it has also reduced the relationship between energy prices and growth (Goolsbe e). The US commuter is more dependent than ever though. People live farther from their work and drive more. Because fuel efficiency standards in the US stopped going up in 1990, fuel inefficiency creates a high demand among US commuter for oil to fill their tanks. When oil prices go up dramatically give care in summer of 2008 the US commuter was forced to make difficult choices, and the economy scaled adventure because the consumer was left in shock by such high prices. This oil shock was right in advance the economic downturn (Panzner).On the stock market commodity prices and stock prices have an interesting relationship. When commodities go down in value, stocks usually go up in value (Mitchell). This relationship causes some tidy sum to look at oil prices in relation to the US economy as a safe and sound when thinking about where the US economy will be going. Oil prices are a colossal commodity that many analysts look at, and if oil prices change, commodities in general c hange. This is because oil

Museums and heritage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Museums and heritage - Essay ExampleAs a result, many museums are changing their formats to include the use of more than(prenominal) multi-media presentations and entertainments, seemingly attempting to challenge, in at least some small part, the larger amusement parks and presenting perfect views of the past that are drifting ever further away from the truth.In preserving the history of the Industrial Age, an all-important(a) era in the development of the nation, museums such as the Ironbridge Gorge Museum and the Black Country Living memoir Museum have effectively removed the horrors of this time period, offering instead a false nostalgia for the ways of the past. These dickens museums will be examined in the context of English history as well as the personal effects of the new living history presentations forced by the commoditization of history as these concepts apply to the museums structure, tourism and authenticity. The seek will explore some of the advantages and disa dvantages of the living history form of interpretation by examining the rising popularity of industrial museums and why they are so popular.Following this introduction, the concepts of English history and culture will be explored in terms of the concept of Englishness and the role that this plays on the interpretation of history. By examining the definitions of industrial heritage, culture and heritage, one potty begin to form an idea of what cultural heritage is and why an accurate interpretation is important for a true understanding of the past.The second section of the paper will examine the cultural significance of the industrial era by looking at the role of the industrial revolution and the development of the imagined past. The connections of this past to more present day events will be examined and cultural evidence of these connections will be explored as a means of revealing why these types of museums have developed and what they hope to

Mbuti Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mbuti Culture - Research Paper ExampleThe Mbuti kinship group is dependent on the forest for all the aspects of their life including getting their food, clothes, materials for hunt, item of play, musical instrument etc. In the new-fashioned convictions the tribesmen adopt come in contact with the agricultural people living the peripheries of the forest. However hunting remains their primary source of subsistence. Even in their trade with the agricultural people they exchange the shopping centre they get from the forest in exchange for farm products (Tanno, n.d. pp. 1-51). The forest and hunting activities influenced the culture, fond structures, gender dealings and the beliefs and values of the Mbuti tribe associated with the Molimo ritual of the tribe. Social Organization The difference in the strategy for procuring the subsistence has attracted the interest of the anthropologist and ethnographers. along with the difference in the hunting technique some difference in the so cial structure has similarly been observed with reference to the upshot of members in the community. The inhabitants of the southwestern region, the net hunters live in a comparatively large camp consisting to seven to thirty families together. There method of hunting and distribution of the hunt be also of communal type. The women beat the under bush to drive the animals to the net which are looked after by the men. According to famous pygmy researcher Turnbull, this method of hunting requires a number of families to cooperate with for each one other in graze to procure their subsistence. On the contrast the archers live in small groups of tierce to five. Individual members hunt with the help of arches and bows. The different operations of arching are tracking and ambushing which requires less number of men than net hunting. Several reasons have been cited for this difference in hunting pattern and consequent social structure based on region. According to Turnbull, this has o ccurred due to the historical distribution of the forest. The southwestern parts of the countries have been subjected to encroachment for agriculture, mining, plantations, tourist centers etc. As a result the inhabitable land and the land for hunting and gathering have been reduced. On the other hand the population of the tribe has increased over the years. As a result the tribe was forced to increase their utilization of the reduced amount of available land. that due to the Law of Diminishing Return the tribesmen had to undertake more work individually in order to maintain similar level of consumption. Another interesting feature that has been pointed out by the scholars is that the pygmy tribe has a low exposure to the technological advancement. Therefore they are unable to increase the utilization of the diagram of land with the help of technology. To compensate for that, the tribesmen are required to increase the coordination and cooperation among themselves to maintain simila r level of consumption. (Abruzzi, 1979) noted anthropologist, Harako suggests another alternative possibility. According to him the original mode of hunting of the Mbuti tribe was archery. But some time in history a part of the tribe came in touch with the Bantu speaking tribes. In course of their interaction and exchange the Mbuti tribe learnt to use the net as a tool for hunting. This theory gives an explanation for the division of hunting methods